Broomtail Wrasse

Overview

The Broomtail Wrasse (Cheilinus lunulatus) is a distinctive reef-associated fish native to the Western Indian Ocean, ranging from the Red Sea to the Gulf of Oman. It is a solitary, territorial species often found in areas with complex reef structures.

Distribution & habitat

This species primarily inhabits coral reefs and adjacent environments, including rubble, sand, and seagrass beds. It is most commonly encountered along the edges of coral-rich fringing reef slopes.

Appearance

Adults are easily recognized by their large, bright green heads marked with small spots and prominent blue lips. The body displays a mix of yellow-green and dark purple hues, with a characteristic bright-yellow marking on a black background near the operculum. Its most defining feature is the long, fringed caudal fin, which resembles an old-fashioned broom. While males are particularly vibrant, females and juveniles are distinguished by large, dark stripes along their flanks.

Biology & behavior

As a diurnal and territorial fish, the Broomtail Wrasse is generally solitary and may show aggression toward intruders or other individuals of the same species. Like many other wrasses, it is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals can change sex from female to male as they mature. It reproduces through distinct pairing during the breeding process.

Feeding

This wrasse is a carnivore that feeds primarily on hard-shelled invertebrates. Its diet consists largely of mollusks and other similar prey found within its reef habitat.