Nursehound

Overview

The nursehound (Scyliorhinus stellaris) is a large, robust catshark native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Often found in coastal waters, this species is a harmless, bottom-dwelling predator that plays a significant role in its marine ecosystem.

Distribution & Habitat

This shark is distributed from southern Scandinavia and the British Isles south to Senegal, including the Mediterranean Sea. It typically inhabits the continental shelf, favoring rough, rocky, or coralline seabeds and areas with dense algae, where it can easily find shelter.

Appearance

The nursehound is characterized by a stocky build and a broad, rounded head. Its dorsal surface is a creamy brown color, covered in a pattern of large and small black spots, and occasionally white spots. It can be distinguished from the closely related small-spotted catshark by its larger spots and nasal skin flaps that do not reach the mouth.

Biology & Behavior

Primarily nocturnal, the nursehound often spends daylight hours resting in rocky crevices or small holes, sometimes associating with others of its kind. It is a benthic predator that hunts near the seafloor.

Feeding

As a carnivore, its diet consists of a variety of bottom-living invertebrates, including crustaceans and mollusks, as well as demersal fishes and smaller sharks.

Reproduction

This species is oviparous, meaning it reproduces by laying eggs. Females deposit large, thick-walled egg cases—often called "mermaid's purses"—in pairs, securing them to seaweed or other submerged structures. These eggs typically hatch after a development period of seven to twelve months.