Corkwing Wrasse

Overview

The Corkwing Wrasse (Symphodus melops) is a small, territorial marine fish widely distributed across the eastern Atlantic, from Norway to Morocco, as well as in the Mediterranean and Adriatic seas. It is commonly found in shallow coastal waters, where it inhabits rocky substrates and eelgrass beds.

Appearance

This species has a deep, laterally compressed body covered in large scales that extend onto the cheeks. A key identifying feature is a distinct black spot located in the middle of the tail stalk, accompanied by a dark, comma-shaped mark behind each eye. Coloration is highly variable depending on age, sex, and environment; females and juveniles typically display brownish or greenish-brown hues, while males often exhibit more vibrant colors, including bright green or blue lines on their heads and gill covers.

Biology & behavior

Corkwing Wrasse are non-migratory and often live in small schools. They are known for their territorial nature, particularly during the breeding season. While they are generally carnivores that feed on mollusks, crustaceans, worms, and other small invertebrates, juveniles have occasionally been observed acting as cleaner fish for larger species.

Reproduction

During the summer breeding season, males exhibit complex reproductive behavior by constructing ball-shaped nests out of seaweed in rock crevices or among vegetation. The male aggressively guards these nests after the female deposits her eggs. The species is oviparous, and some individuals may undergo sex reversal.