Moon Wrasse

Overview

The Moon Wrasse (Thalassoma lunare) is a vibrant, highly active reef fish widely distributed across the tropical Indo-Pacific. Known for its constant motion and striking coloration, this species is a common sight for divers and snorkelers exploring coastal reefs and lagoons.

Distribution & habitat

This species inhabits tropical and warm temperate waters, ranging from the Red Sea and East Africa across the Indian and Pacific Oceans to the Line Islands. It is typically found in shallow, reef-associated environments, including lagoon reefs, coastal reefs, and protected seaward slopes, often hovering near the upper portions of coral heads and ledges.

Appearance

Adults are easily recognized by their yellow, crescent-shaped tail and a body that transitions from dark green to blue, marked with vertical red or purplish lines. Their heads display a complex pattern of irregular pink to violet bands. Large males often exhibit more intense blue and green hues. Juveniles differ significantly in appearance, featuring a large dark spot in the middle of the dorsal fin and a diffuse black spot at the base of the tail.

Biology & behavior

Moon Wrasses are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day and seek shelter in rock crevices or bury themselves in the sand at night. They are known for their curious nature and can be found swimming alone or in small groups. As protogynous hermaphrodites, individuals can change sex from female to male, with dominant males often becoming highly territorial.

Feeding

This species is a carnivore that feeds primarily on small benthic invertebrates, such as crustaceans, mollusks, and sea urchins, as well as fish eggs and larvae.