Axillary Seabream

Overview

The Axillary Seabream (Pagellus acarne) is a common marine fish belonging to the Sparidae family, found throughout the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. It is a benthopelagic species that typically forms groups and is frequently encountered by divers and fishers alike.

Distribution & habitat

This species is widely distributed from the Bay of Biscay to Senegal, including the Canary Islands, Madeira, and Cape Verde, and is common throughout the Mediterranean. While it can be found at depths reaching 500 meters, it is most frequently observed between 40 and 100 meters. Adults prefer various bottom types, particularly sandy areas and seagrass beds, while juveniles are often found closer to the shore near rocky substrates or vegetation.

Appearance

The Axillary Seabream has a fusiform, laterally compressed body with a conical snout and a horizontal mouth. Its coloration is generally grayish with subtle pinkish reflections, becoming lighter or silvery on the flanks. A key identifying feature is the distinct black or dark red spot located at the base of the pectoral fins. The interior of its mouth is characteristically orange.

Biology & behavior

This species is a protandrous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals are born as males and transition into females as they mature and grow. They are omnivorous, feeding primarily on small crustaceans, mollusks, and worms. Generally considered a diurnal species, they are often seen moving in loose groups and are typically indifferent to the presence of divers.