Leerfish

Overview

The Leerfish (Lichia amia) is a powerful, predatory marine fish and the only living member of its genus. Known for its speed and agility, this species is a popular target in coastal recreational fisheries across its range.

Distribution & habitat

This species is widely distributed throughout the eastern Atlantic Ocean, from the Bay of Biscay down to South Africa, and is common in the Mediterranean and western Black Sea. It also inhabits parts of the western Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. As a coastal pelagic fish, it typically stays within 500 meters of the shoreline. While adults frequent coastal waters, juveniles are frequently found in estuaries and can occasionally venture into the lower reaches of coastal rivers.

Appearance

The Leerfish has an elongated, laterally compressed body with a pointed snout and a distinctively wavy lateral line. Its coloration is generally brownish on the back, transitioning to a silvery-white on the belly. The dorsal and anal fins feature black tips, and the tail is deeply forked, reflecting its nature as a fast-swimming predator. Juveniles are often distinguished by dark, brownish bars along their sides.

Biology & behavior

Leerfish are active, migratory predators that often form small shoals when hunting. They are known to be curious and may approach divers in shallow waters. While they are primarily marine, they show significant ecological plasticity, comfortably navigating both clear coastal waters and the turbid, brackish environments of estuaries.

Feeding

As an active carnivore, the Leerfish feeds primarily on other fish, with a particular preference for mullet. Younger individuals and juveniles often supplement their diet with crustaceans.