Spotfin Squirrelfish

Overview

The Spotfin Squirrelfish (Neoniphon sammara) is a nocturnal, reef-associated species widely distributed across the Indo-Pacific region. It is commonly found in shallow, protected environments such as lagoons, reef flats, and seagrass beds, where it often shelters near branching corals during the day.

Appearance

This species has a moderately elongate, compressed body with a silvery-pink base color. It is distinguished by a series of dark reddish-brown horizontal stripes along its flanks and a prominent black spot on the front of its spiny dorsal fin. The caudal fin is typically yellowish with broad red bands on the lobes, and the fish features a short, venomous spine at the corner of its gill cover (preopercle).

Biology & behavior

Primarily active at night, the Spotfin Squirrelfish is a shy and secretive predator that emerges from its daytime hiding spots—such as caves, overhangs, or coral thickets—to hunt. Like other members of the squirrelfish family, it is known to produce grunting sounds by vibrating its swimbladder. It is a benthopelagic fish that remains relatively common in shallow coastal waters.

Feeding

As an active nocturnal hunter, its diet consists primarily of small benthic invertebrates, including crabs, shrimps, and other crustaceans, as well as small fishes. It is a hearty feeder that begins its search for prey shortly after dusk.