Pilgrim's Scallop

Overview

The Pilgrim's Scallop (Pecten jacobaeus) is a distinctive marine bivalve mollusc primarily found in the Mediterranean Sea. Known for its historical significance as a symbol of pilgrimage, this species is highly valued for its culinary quality and ecological role in coastal ecosystems.

Appearance

This scallop features a fan-shaped shell composed of two distinct, asymmetrical valves. The lower valve, which the animal uses to rest on the seabed, is highly convex and pale in color, while the upper valve is flat and typically brown. The exterior surface is marked by 14 to 16 prominent radial ribs with a roughly rectangular cross-section. Along the edge of its mantle, the scallop possesses a row of numerous short tentacles interspersed with approximately 60 small, blue, lens-like eyes that detect light and movement.

Distribution & habitat

Pecten jacobaeus is considered endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, though it is closely related to the Atlantic great scallop. It typically inhabits sandy or gravelly substrates on the continental shelf, commonly found at depths ranging from 10 to 200 meters.

Biology & behavior

As a filter feeder, the Pilgrim's Scallop survives by straining plankton and suspended organic particles from the water column using its gills. It is capable of active movement; when threatened by predators such as starfish, it can propel itself through the water by rapidly clapping its valves together to jet water. These scallops may live as solitary individuals or congregate in scattered groups on the seafloor.