Gorgon's Head

Overview

The Gorgon's Head (Astrospartus mediterraneus) is a striking, large-bodied brittle star known for its complex, branching arms that resemble a living basket. It is the only member of its family found in the Mediterranean Sea, where it is often observed as a solitary, nocturnal inhabitant of deep rocky reefs.

Appearance

This species features a central, pentagonal disc measuring approximately 8 to 10 cm in diameter. From this disc extend five main arms that branch repeatedly into hundreds of fine, coiling tendrils. When fully extended, the animal can reach a span of up to 80 cm. Its coloration typically ranges from brownish-pink or purple to light grey or beige. During the day, it remains tightly curled into a compact, fist-sized ball, making it difficult to spot against its host.

Distribution & habitat

Primarily found in the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern Atlantic, this species prefers circalittoral rocky environments. It is frequently associated with elevated substrates, such as gorgonian sea fans (e.g., Paramuricea clavata) or massive sponges, which provide the necessary height for its feeding strategy. While it can be found at depths between 15 and 800 meters, it is most commonly encountered by divers in mesophotic zones between 25 and 80 meters.

Biology & behavior

As a nocturnal, passive suspension feeder, the Gorgon's Head unfurls its intricate arm network at night to capture zooplankton and organic particles carried by currents. The tendrils are equipped with small, mobile hooks that quickly entangle prey. By day, it remains inactive, clinging to its host to avoid detection and conserve energy.